TestNG Integration

TestNG Annotations

Learning Outcome

Recall

Handling Alerts, Frames, Windows

Before learning TestNG Annotations, you should recall these basic concepts like :

Selenium fundamentals like WebDriver and locators

Basics of automation testing and test cases

Basic Java programming (methods and classes)

Understanding test execution flow

Need for test setup and teardown in frameworks

Think of running a movie shoot

@BeforeSuite
    Decide movie story & budget (full setup)

@BeforeTest 
       Plan shooting schedule

@BeforeClass
       Set up camera, lights, location

@BeforeMethod
    Prepare actors before each scene

Think of running a movie shoot

• @Test → Shoot the actual scene

@AfterMethod
        Reset actors & scene after each shot

@AfterClass 
        Pack up equipments

• @Test → Shoot the actual scene

@AfterTest
        Wrap up shooting schedule

@AfterClass 
          Pack up equipment

TestNG annotations in Selenium WebDriver are like a movie shoot where setup happens first, scenes are executed, and cleanup happens in a proper sequence.

Why are TestNG annotations used in Selenium WebDriver?

TestNG annotations are used to control test execution flow, manage setup and teardown, and support test reporting in a structured way.

Control the order of test execution

Handle setup and cleanup (before/after tests)

Reduce repeated code in test scripts

Organize and structure automation tests

Support test execution reporting and results generation

What is TestNG?

TestNG is a testing framework inspired from JUnit and NUnit but introducing some new functionality that makes it more powerful and easier to use.

It is an open-source automated testing framework; where NG of TestNG means Next Generation.

TestNG is similar to JUnit but it is much more powerful than JUnit but still, it's inspired by JUnit.

It is designed to be better than JUnit, especially when testing integrated classes.

Pay special thanks to Cedric Beust who is the creator of TestNG

List of TestNG Annotations

• @BeforeSuite → Runs before all tests in suite

• @AfterSuite → Runs after all tests in suite

1. Suite Level

 2. Test Level

• @BeforeTest → Runs before test section

• @AfterTest → Runs after test section

 3. Class Level

• @BeforeClass → Runs before first method in class

• @AfterClass → Runs after all methods in class

List of TestNG Annotations

• @BeforeMethod → Runs before each test method

• @AfterMethod → Runs after each test method

 4. Method Level

 5. Test Execution

• @Test → Marks a test case

6. Additional (Advanced)

• @DataProvider → Supplies data to test methods

• @Parameters → Passes parameters from XML

• @Listeners → Used for reporting and event handling

Execution Order of  TestNG Annotations

In TestNG, annotations control how and when different parts of your test code are executed. Understanding their execution order is essential for designing clean and predictable test suites.

@BeforeSuite

     @BeforeTest

          @BeforeClass

                @BeforeMethod

                       @Test

                @AfterMethod

                      (repeat BeforeMethod → Test → AfterMethod for each test)

             @AfterClass

       @AfterTest

@AfterSuite

TestNG Priority

We can have multiple @Test annotations in a single TestNG file

By default, methods annotated by @Test are executed alphabetically .

Methods can be executed in a different order, by using parameter "priority" .
 

@Test(priority=0)

TestNG will execute the @Test annotation with the lowest priority value up to the largest  

Dependent Test

TestNG allows to specify dependencies with attributes dependsOnMethods.

 @Test(dependsOnMethods={'openBrowser'}

public void closeBrowser()

{

           driver.close();

}

 @Test

public void openBrowser()

{

     driver = new FirefoxDriver();

}  

The collection of TestNG Tests together is called a Test Suite.

A test suite can run multiple tests at once by executing the test suite.

Additionally, these test cases can be dependent on each other or may have to be executed in a specific order independently.

It is important to remember that the we need to create a TestNG XML file for test suite to be run

Grouping of Tests

Groups in TestNG denote the process of grouping different tests together into a straightforward group and running these tests together by just running the group in a single command

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<suite name="Sample Suite">

<test name="testing">

<groups>

<run>

<include name="Regression"/>

</run>

</groups>

<classes>

<class name="com.example.tests.SampleTest"/>

</classes>

</test>

</suite>

TestNG Parameters

Parameters in TestNG are similar to annotations in TestNG in their declaration.

Similar to parameters in any other programming language, they are declared to pass some values onto the function.

A simple reason to use parameters is that they let us run a function many times with different values or to run different functions with the same values.

An example of using the parameters in TestNG can be entering different values in an input box .

Parameters pass the values in the runtime.

@Parameters ({"a", "b"})

 where a and b are the values that pass to the function.

TestNG Parameters are run through the TestNG XML file and not from the test case files directly.

 NOTE

Passing Parameters In TestNG

There are two ways to pass the parameters in TestNG:

TestNG Parameters

TestNG DataProviders

DataProviders pass the different parameters on a single test in a single execution, whereas parameters pass the parameters just once per execution in TestNG

Handling Frames

Handling frames (iframes) means switching Selenium’s control from the main page to an embedded HTML document so that elements inside it can be accessed and interacted with.

To interact with frame elements, Selenium must switch context using the following ways.

By Index  

switchTo.frame(int frameNumber)    
 

Pass the frame index and driver will switch to that frame to switch to 0th iframe use

driver.switchTo().frame(0)

switchTo.frame(string frameNameOrId)

Pass the frame ID or frame Name and driver will switch to that frame

driver.switchTo().frame(“iframe1”)

By WebElement  

switchTo.frame(WebElement frameElement)

 Pass the frame web element and driver will switch to that frame

WebElement iframeElement = driver.findElement(By.id("IF1"));

driver.switchTo().frame(iframeElement);

Switching Back to Main Page

driver.switchTo().defaultContent();

OR

driver.switchTo().parentFrame();

Summary

Which command is used to switch to a frame in Selenium?

Which command is used to switch to a frame in Selenium?